| Background |
Cell growth is a fundamental biological process whereby cells accumulate mass and increase in size. The mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates growth by coordinating energy and nutrient signals with growth factor-derived signals mTOR is a large protein kinase with two different complexes. One complex contains mTOR, GβL, and raptor, which is a target of rapamycin. The other complex, insensitive to rapamycin, includes mTOR, GβL, and rictor GβL associates with the kinase domain of mTOR and stimulates mTOR kinase activity A reduction in GβL expression has been shown to decrease in vivo phosphorylation of S6K1.
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