| Background |
CD19 is a 95 kDa coreceptor which amplifies the signaling cascade in B cells On the B cell surface, CD19 associates with CD21, CD81, and Leu-13 to exert its function. The cytoplasmic tail of CD19 has nine conserved tyrosine residues playing critical roles in CD19 mediated function by coupling signaling molecules to the receptor After B cell receptor or CD19 ligation, Tyr531 and Tyr500 of CD19 are progressively phosphorylated. This phosphorylation enables the coupling of PI3 kinase and Src family tyrosine kinase to CD19 and activates the PI3K and Src signaling pathways Coligation of B cell receptor and CD19 also promotes Tyr409 phosphorylation in CD19. The phosphorylation at these sites enables its binding to Vav and mediates elevated intracellular calcium response, as well as the JNK pathwayThe 1D3 clone is a widely used as a phenotypic marker for CD19 expression on the surface of murine B cells and subsets of dendritic cells.
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